Re: Excluding init_on_free for pages for initial balloon down (Xen)

[Jürgen Groß <jgross@xxxxxxxx>]

On 02.03.26 16:11, Marek Marczykowski-Górecki wrote:
> On Mon, Mar 02, 2026 at 03:54:12PM +0100, David Hildenbrand (Arm) wrote:
> > > > Whatever leaves the buddy shall be zeroed out. If there is a
> > > > double-zeroing happen, the latter could get optimized out by checking
> > > > something like user_alloc_needs_zeroing().
> > > >
> > > > See mm/huge_memory.c:vma_alloc_anon_folio_pmd() as an example where we
> > > > avoid double-zeroing.
> > > It isn't just reducing double-zeroing to single zeroing. It's about
> > > avoiding zeroing such pages at all. If a domU is started with
> > > populate-on-demand, many (sometimes most) of its pages are populated in
> > > EPT. The idea of PoD is to start guest with high static memory size, but
> > > low actual allocation and fake it until balloon driver kicks in and make
> > > the domU really not use more pages than it has. When balloon driver try
> > > to return those pages to the hypervisor, normally it would just take
> > > unallocated page one by one and made Linux not use them. But if _any_
> > > zeroing is happening, each page first needs to be mapped to the guest by
> > > the hypervisor (one trip through EPT), just to be removed from them a
> > > moment later...
> > The same is true for most balloon drivers, including virtio-balloon.
> >
> > So far nobody really cared about that, though, as init_on_free usually
> > comes with such a high performance price tag that people in cheap VMs
> > (where you overcommit etc) don't enable it.
> >
> > __GFP_BALLOON_OUT is just nasty.
> >
> > We could probably have a special allocation interface (not exposed to
> > arbitrary kernel modules) and have things like mm/balloon.c consume that.
> >
> >
> > IIUC, xen balloon does not use the memory balloon infrastructure,
> > though.
> Is there some fundamental reason for that? By looking at the code, the
> migration to use mm/balloon.c shouldn't be that hard (famous last
> words...).
I wanted to do that for years, but -ENOTIME.

Patches welcome. :-)


Juergen

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