Re: [Xen-devel] [PATCH v2] Xen: Spread boot time page scrubbing across all available CPU's

[Malcolm Crossley <malcolm.crossley@xxxxxxxxxx>]

On 30/09/13 14:26, Jan Beulich wrote:
> > > > On 30.09.13 at 14:35, Malcolm Crossley <malcolm.crossley@xxxxxxxxxx> wrote:
> > The page scrubbing is done in 128MB chunks in lockstep across all the CPU's.
> > This allows for the boot CPU to hold the heap_lock whilst each chunk is being
> > scrubbed and then release the heap_lock when all CPU's are finished scrubing
> > their individual chunk. This allows for the heap_lock to not be held
> > continously and for pending softirqs are to be serviced periodically across
> > all CPU's.
> >
> > The page scrub memory chunks are allocated to the CPU's in a NUMA aware
> > fashion to reduce Socket interconnect overhead and improve performance.
> >
> > This patch reduces the boot page scrub time on a 128GB 64 core AMD Opteron
> > 6386 machine from 49 seconds to 3 seconds.
> And is this a NUMA system with heavily different access times
> between local and remote memory?
The AMD 64 core system has 8 NUMA nodes with up to 2 hops between the nodes.

This page show's some data on the roundtrip bandwidth between different 
core's
http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/research/srg/netos/ipc-bench/details/tmpn2YlFp.html

This paper also show the difference memory bandwidth with NUMA aware 
threads:
http://www.cs.uchicago.edu/files/tr_authentic/TR-2011-02.pdf

The unstrided results are the only one's we're interested in.
> What I'm trying to understand before reviewing the actual patch
> is whether what you do is really necessary: Generally it ought to
> be sufficient to have one CPU on each node scrub that node's
> memory, as a CPU should be able to saturate the bus if it does
> (almost) nothing but memory write. Hence having multiple cores
> on the same socket (not to speak of multiple threads in a core)
> do this work in parallel is likely not going to be beneficial, and
> hence the logic you're adding here might be more complex than
> necessary.
The second paper cited above shows that between 3 times more core's
than NUMA nodes are required to reach peak NUMA memory bandwidth.

The difference between 1 core per node bandwidth and 3 core's per node 
bandwidth is:
AMD: 30000MB/s (1-core) vs 48000MB/s (3-core)
Intel: 12000MB/s (1-core) vs 38000MB/s (3-core)

So I think it's worth the extra complexity to have multiple core's per 
node scrubbing memory.
Malcolm
> Jan

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