Re: [Xen-devel] [PATCH V2] xen: vmx: Use an INT 2 call to process real NMI's instead of self_nmi() in VMEXIT handler

[Mats Petersson <mats.petersson@xxxxxxxxxx>]

On 15/11/12 16:41, Tim Deegan wrote:
> Hi,
>
> At 10:06 +0000 on 14 Nov (1352887560), Jan Beulich wrote:
> > > +            asm volatile("int $2"); /* Real NMI, vector 2: normal processing */
> > And I still don't like this use of "int $2" here: An aspect we didn't
> > consider so far is that a nested MCE would break things again
> OK, I think I understand the problem[s], but I'm going to spell it out
> slowly so you can correct me. :)
>
> [ tl;dr I agree that do_nmi() is better, and we should do that in this
>    patch, but maybe we need to solve the general problem too. ]
>
> On a PV guest, we have to use dedicated stacks for NMI and MCE in case
> either of those things happens just before SYSRET when we're on the user
> stack (no other interrupt or exception can happen at that point).
>
> On an AMD CPU we _don't_ have dedicated stacks for NMI or MCE when we're
> running a HVM guest, so the stack issue doesn't apply (but nested NMIs
> are still bad).
>
> On an Intel CPU, we _do_ use dedicated stacks for NMI and MCE in HVM
> guests.  We don't really have to but it saves time in the context switch
> not to update the IDT.  Using do_nmi() here means that the first NMI is
> handled on the normal stack instead.  It's also consistent with the way
> we call do_machine_check() for the MCE case.  But it needs an explicit
> IRET after the call to do_nmi() to make sure that NMIs get re-enabled.
Both AMD and Intel has an identical setup with regard to stacks and 
general "what happens when we taken one of these interrupts". As Andy 
Cooper is about to post, there are ways to solve the nesting of either 
of these interrupts.
There are subtle differences between Intel and AMD in how the actual 
interrupt gets handled when the processor is currently running a HVM 
guest, which is why the patch in this thread is "Intel only", because 
the Intel system "eats" the NMI, and it needs to be "reissued". On AMD, 
the interrupts are held pending until the guest has exited into the 
Hypervisor, and then taken after the processor executes the STGI (Set 
Global Interrupt Enable) instruction - analogous to what happens when 
you have a CLI and STI for ordinary interrupts.
The issues with regards to nesting of NMI and MCE is completely 
different from the "how do we issue an NMI from the HVM handling code 
when the guest got interrupted by NMI".
Nested NMI and nested MCE is the same problem on both AMD and Intel 
processors, and need a completely separate solution [Andy is working on 
this].
--
Mats

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