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[Date Prev][Date Next][Thread Prev][Thread Next][Date Index][Thread Index] [xen staging] x86/ucode: Perform extra SHA2 checks on AMD Fam17h/19h microcode
commit 630e8875ab368b97cc7231aaf3809e3d7d5687e1
Author: Andrew Cooper <andrew.cooper3@xxxxxxxxxx>
AuthorDate: Fri Dec 13 14:34:00 2024 +0000
Commit: Andrew Cooper <andrew.cooper3@xxxxxxxxxx>
CommitDate: Wed Mar 5 19:04:37 2025 +0000
x86/ucode: Perform extra SHA2 checks on AMD Fam17h/19h microcode
Collisions have been found in the microcode signing algorithm used by AMD
Fam17h/19h CPUs, and now anyone can sign their own.
For more details, see:
https://bughunters.google.com/blog/5424842357473280/zen-and-the-art-of-microcode-hacking
https://www.amd.com/en/resources/product-security/bulletin/amd-sb-7033.html
As a stopgap mitigation, check the digest of patches against a table of
blobs
with known provenance. These are all Fam17h and Fam19h blobs included in
linux-firwmare at the time of writing, specifically:
https://git.kernel.org/firmware/linux-firmware/c/48bb90cceb882cab8e9ab692bc5779d3bf3a13b8
This checks can be opted out of by booting with ucode=no-digest-check, but
doing so is not recommended.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Cooper <andrew.cooper3@xxxxxxxxxx>
Acked-by: Roger Pau Monné <roger.pau@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
docs/misc/xen-command-line.pandoc | 10 +-
xen/arch/x86/cpu/microcode/amd-patch-digests.c | 226 +++++++++++++++++++++++++
xen/arch/x86/cpu/microcode/amd.c | 66 +++++++-
xen/arch/x86/cpu/microcode/core.c | 3 +
xen/arch/x86/cpu/microcode/private.h | 2 +
5 files changed, 304 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
diff --git a/docs/misc/xen-command-line.pandoc
b/docs/misc/xen-command-line.pandoc
index 7e0f81adab..89db6e83be 100644
--- a/docs/misc/xen-command-line.pandoc
+++ b/docs/misc/xen-command-line.pandoc
@@ -2735,10 +2735,10 @@ performance.
Alternatively, selecting `tsx=1` will re-enable TSX at the users own risk.
### ucode
-> `= List of [ <integer> | scan=<bool>, nmi=<bool> ]`
+> `= List of [ <integer> | scan=<bool>, nmi=<bool>, digest-check=<bool> ]`
Applicability: x86
- Default: `scan` is selectable via Kconfig, `nmi=true`
+ Default: `scan` is selectable via Kconfig, `nmi,digest-check`
Controls for CPU microcode loading. For early loading, this parameter can
specify how and where to find the microcode update blob. For late loading,
@@ -2768,6 +2768,12 @@ precedence over `scan`. The default value for `scan` is
set with
stop_machine context. In NMI handler, even NMIs are blocked, which is
considered safer. The default value is `true`.
+The `digest-check=` option is active by default and controls whether to
+perform additional authenticity checks. Collisions in the signature algorithm
+used by AMD Fam17h/19h processors have been found. Xen contains a table of
+digests of microcode patches with known-good provenance, and will block
+loading of patches that do not match.
+
### unrestricted_guest (Intel)
> `= <boolean>`
diff --git a/xen/arch/x86/cpu/microcode/amd-patch-digests.c
b/xen/arch/x86/cpu/microcode/amd-patch-digests.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d327612267
--- /dev/null
+++ b/xen/arch/x86/cpu/microcode/amd-patch-digests.c
@@ -0,0 +1,226 @@
+/* Generated from linux-firmware. */
+{
+ .patch_id = 0x0800126f,
+ .digest = {
+ 0x2b, 0x5a, 0xf2, 0x9c, 0xdd, 0xd2, 0x7f, 0xec,
+ 0xec, 0x96, 0x09, 0x57, 0xb0, 0x96, 0x29, 0x8b,
+ 0x2e, 0x26, 0x91, 0xf0, 0x49, 0x33, 0x42, 0x18,
+ 0xdd, 0x4b, 0x65, 0x5a, 0xd4, 0x15, 0x3d, 0x33,
+ },
+},
+{
+ .patch_id = 0x0800820d,
+ .digest = {
+ 0x68, 0x98, 0x83, 0xcd, 0x22, 0x0d, 0xdd, 0x59,
+ 0x73, 0x2c, 0x5b, 0x37, 0x1f, 0x84, 0x0e, 0x67,
+ 0x96, 0x43, 0x83, 0x0c, 0x46, 0x44, 0xab, 0x7c,
+ 0x7b, 0x65, 0x9e, 0x57, 0xb5, 0x90, 0x4b, 0x0e,
+ },
+},
+{
+ .patch_id = 0x0830107c,
+ .digest = {
+ 0x21, 0x64, 0xde, 0xfb, 0x9f, 0x68, 0x96, 0x47,
+ 0x70, 0x5c, 0xe2, 0x8f, 0x18, 0x52, 0x6a, 0xac,
+ 0xa4, 0xd2, 0x2e, 0xe0, 0xde, 0x68, 0x66, 0xc3,
+ 0xeb, 0x1e, 0xd3, 0x3f, 0xbc, 0x51, 0x1d, 0x38,
+ },
+},
+{
+ .patch_id = 0x0860010d,
+ .digest = {
+ 0x86, 0xb6, 0x15, 0x83, 0xbc, 0x3b, 0x9c, 0xe0,
+ 0xb3, 0xef, 0x1d, 0x99, 0x84, 0x35, 0x15, 0xf7,
+ 0x7c, 0x2a, 0xc6, 0x42, 0xdb, 0x73, 0x07, 0x5c,
+ 0x7d, 0xc3, 0x02, 0xb5, 0x43, 0x06, 0x5e, 0xf8,
+ },
+},
+{
+ .patch_id = 0x08608108,
+ .digest = {
+ 0x14, 0xfe, 0x57, 0x86, 0x49, 0xc8, 0x68, 0xe2,
+ 0x11, 0xa3, 0xcb, 0x6e, 0xff, 0x6e, 0xd5, 0x38,
+ 0xfe, 0x89, 0x1a, 0xe0, 0x67, 0xbf, 0xc4, 0xcc,
+ 0x1b, 0x9f, 0x84, 0x77, 0x2b, 0x9f, 0xaa, 0xbd,
+ },
+},
+{
+ .patch_id = 0x08701034,
+ .digest = {
+ 0xc3, 0x14, 0x09, 0xa8, 0x9c, 0x3f, 0x8d, 0x83,
+ 0x9b, 0x4c, 0xa5, 0xb7, 0x64, 0x8b, 0x91, 0x5d,
+ 0x85, 0x6a, 0x39, 0x26, 0x1e, 0x14, 0x41, 0xa8,
+ 0x75, 0xea, 0xa6, 0xf9, 0xc9, 0xd1, 0xea, 0x2b,
+ },
+},
+{
+ .patch_id = 0x08a0000a,
+ .digest = {
+ 0x73, 0x31, 0x26, 0x22, 0xd4, 0xf9, 0xee, 0x3c,
+ 0x07, 0x06, 0xe7, 0xb9, 0xad, 0xd8, 0x72, 0x44,
+ 0x33, 0x31, 0xaa, 0x7d, 0xc3, 0x67, 0x0e, 0xdb,
+ 0x47, 0xb5, 0xaa, 0xbc, 0xf5, 0xbb, 0xd9, 0x20,
+ },
+},
+{
+ .patch_id = 0x0a00107a,
+ .digest = {
+ 0x5f, 0x92, 0xca, 0xff, 0xc3, 0x59, 0x22, 0x5f,
+ 0x02, 0xa0, 0x91, 0x3b, 0x4a, 0x45, 0x10, 0xfd,
+ 0x19, 0xe1, 0x8a, 0x6d, 0x9a, 0x92, 0xc1, 0x3f,
+ 0x75, 0x78, 0xac, 0x78, 0x03, 0x1d, 0xdb, 0x18,
+ },
+},
+{
+ .patch_id = 0x0a0011d5,
+ .digest = {
+ 0xed, 0x69, 0x89, 0xf4, 0xeb, 0x64, 0xc2, 0x13,
+ 0xe0, 0x51, 0x1f, 0x03, 0x26, 0x52, 0x7d, 0xb7,
+ 0x93, 0x5d, 0x65, 0xca, 0xb8, 0x12, 0x1d, 0x62,
+ 0x0d, 0x5b, 0x65, 0x34, 0x69, 0xb2, 0x62, 0x21,
+ },
+},
+{
+ .patch_id = 0x0a001238,
+ .digest = {
+ 0x72, 0xf7, 0x4b, 0x0c, 0x7d, 0x58, 0x65, 0xcc,
+ 0x00, 0xcc, 0x57, 0x16, 0x68, 0x16, 0xf8, 0x2a,
+ 0x1b, 0xb3, 0x8b, 0xe1, 0xb6, 0x83, 0x8c, 0x7e,
+ 0xc0, 0xcd, 0x33, 0xf2, 0x8d, 0xf9, 0xef, 0x59,
+ },
+},
+{
+ .patch_id = 0x0a00820c,
+ .digest = {
+ 0xa8, 0x0c, 0x81, 0xc0, 0xa6, 0x00, 0xe7, 0xf3,
+ 0x5f, 0x65, 0xd3, 0xb9, 0x6f, 0xea, 0x93, 0x63,
+ 0xf1, 0x8c, 0x88, 0x45, 0xd7, 0x82, 0x80, 0xd1,
+ 0xe1, 0x3b, 0x8d, 0xb2, 0xf8, 0x22, 0x03, 0xe2,
+ },
+},
+{
+ .patch_id = 0x0a101148,
+ .digest = {
+ 0x20, 0xd5, 0x6f, 0x40, 0x4a, 0xf6, 0x48, 0x90,
+ 0xc2, 0x93, 0x9a, 0xc2, 0xfd, 0xac, 0xef, 0x4f,
+ 0xfa, 0xc0, 0x3d, 0x92, 0x3c, 0x6d, 0x01, 0x08,
+ 0xf1, 0x5e, 0xb0, 0xde, 0xb4, 0x98, 0xae, 0xc4,
+ },
+},
+{
+ .patch_id = 0x0a101248,
+ .digest = {
+ 0xed, 0x3b, 0x95, 0xa6, 0x68, 0xa7, 0x77, 0x3e,
+ 0xfc, 0x17, 0x26, 0xe2, 0x7b, 0xd5, 0x56, 0x22,
+ 0x2c, 0x1d, 0xef, 0xeb, 0x56, 0xdd, 0xba, 0x6e,
+ 0x1b, 0x7d, 0x64, 0x9d, 0x4b, 0x53, 0x13, 0x75,
+ },
+},
+{
+ .patch_id = 0x0a108108,
+ .digest = {
+ 0xed, 0xc2, 0xec, 0xa1, 0x15, 0xc6, 0x65, 0xe9,
+ 0xd0, 0xef, 0x39, 0xaa, 0x7f, 0x55, 0x06, 0xc6,
+ 0xf5, 0xd4, 0x3f, 0x7b, 0x14, 0xd5, 0x60, 0x2c,
+ 0x28, 0x1e, 0x9c, 0x59, 0x69, 0x99, 0x4d, 0x16,
+ },
+},
+{
+ .patch_id = 0x0a20102d,
+ .digest = {
+ 0xf9, 0x6e, 0xf2, 0x32, 0xd3, 0x0f, 0x5f, 0x11,
+ 0x59, 0xa1, 0xfe, 0xcc, 0xcd, 0x9b, 0x42, 0x89,
+ 0x8b, 0x89, 0x2f, 0xb5, 0xbb, 0x82, 0xef, 0x23,
+ 0x8c, 0xe9, 0x19, 0x3e, 0xcc, 0x3f, 0x7b, 0xb4,
+ },
+},
+{
+ .patch_id = 0x0a201210,
+ .digest = {
+ 0xe8, 0x6d, 0x51, 0x6a, 0x8e, 0x72, 0xf3, 0xfe,
+ 0x6e, 0x16, 0xbc, 0x62, 0x59, 0x40, 0x17, 0xe9,
+ 0x6d, 0x3d, 0x0e, 0x6b, 0xa7, 0xac, 0xe3, 0x68,
+ 0xf7, 0x55, 0xf0, 0x13, 0xbb, 0x22, 0xf6, 0x41,
+ },
+},
+{
+ .patch_id = 0x0a404107,
+ .digest = {
+ 0xbb, 0x04, 0x4e, 0x47, 0xdd, 0x5e, 0x26, 0x45,
+ 0x1a, 0xc9, 0x56, 0x24, 0xa4, 0x4c, 0x82, 0xb0,
+ 0x8b, 0x0d, 0x9f, 0xf9, 0x3a, 0xdf, 0xc6, 0x81,
+ 0x13, 0xbc, 0xc5, 0x25, 0xe4, 0xc5, 0xc3, 0x99,
+ },
+},
+{
+ .patch_id = 0x0a500011,
+ .digest = {
+ 0x23, 0x3d, 0x70, 0x7d, 0x03, 0xc3, 0xc4, 0xf4,
+ 0x2b, 0x82, 0xc6, 0x05, 0xda, 0x80, 0x0a, 0xf1,
+ 0xd7, 0x5b, 0x65, 0x3a, 0x7d, 0xab, 0xdf, 0xa2,
+ 0x11, 0x5e, 0x96, 0x7e, 0x71, 0xe9, 0xfc, 0x74,
+ },
+},
+{
+ .patch_id = 0x0a601209,
+ .digest = {
+ 0x66, 0x48, 0xd4, 0x09, 0x05, 0xcb, 0x29, 0x32,
+ 0x66, 0xb7, 0x9a, 0x76, 0xcd, 0x11, 0xf3, 0x30,
+ 0x15, 0x86, 0xcc, 0x5d, 0x97, 0x0f, 0xc0, 0x46,
+ 0xe8, 0x73, 0xe2, 0xd6, 0xdb, 0xd2, 0x77, 0x1d,
+ },
+},
+{
+ .patch_id = 0x0a704107,
+ .digest = {
+ 0xf3, 0xc6, 0x58, 0x26, 0xee, 0xac, 0x3f, 0xd6,
+ 0xce, 0xa1, 0x72, 0x47, 0x3b, 0xba, 0x2b, 0x93,
+ 0x2a, 0xad, 0x8e, 0x6b, 0xea, 0x9b, 0xb7, 0xc2,
+ 0x64, 0x39, 0x71, 0x8c, 0xce, 0xe7, 0x41, 0x39,
+ },
+},
+{
+ .patch_id = 0x0a705206,
+ .digest = {
+ 0x8d, 0xc0, 0x76, 0xbd, 0x58, 0x9f, 0x8f, 0xa4,
+ 0x12, 0x9d, 0x21, 0xfb, 0x48, 0x21, 0xbc, 0xe7,
+ 0x67, 0x6f, 0x04, 0x18, 0xae, 0x20, 0x87, 0x4b,
+ 0x03, 0x35, 0xe9, 0xbe, 0xfb, 0x06, 0xdf, 0xfc,
+ },
+},
+{
+ .patch_id = 0x0a708007,
+ .digest = {
+ 0x6b, 0x76, 0xcc, 0x78, 0xc5, 0x8a, 0xa3, 0xe3,
+ 0x32, 0x2d, 0x79, 0xe4, 0xc3, 0x80, 0xdb, 0xb2,
+ 0x07, 0xaa, 0x3a, 0xe0, 0x57, 0x13, 0x72, 0x80,
+ 0xdf, 0x92, 0x73, 0x84, 0x87, 0x3c, 0x73, 0x93,
+ },
+},
+{
+ .patch_id = 0x0a70c005,
+ .digest = {
+ 0x88, 0x5d, 0xfb, 0x79, 0x64, 0xd8, 0x46, 0x3b,
+ 0x4a, 0x83, 0x8e, 0x77, 0x7e, 0xcf, 0xb3, 0x0f,
+ 0x1f, 0x1f, 0xf1, 0x97, 0xeb, 0xfe, 0x56, 0x55,
+ 0xee, 0x49, 0xac, 0xe1, 0x8b, 0x13, 0xc5, 0x13,
+ },
+},
+{
+ .patch_id = 0x0aa00116,
+ .digest = {
+ 0xe8, 0x4c, 0x2c, 0x88, 0xa1, 0xac, 0x24, 0x63,
+ 0x65, 0xe5, 0xaa, 0x2d, 0x16, 0xa9, 0xc3, 0xf5,
+ 0xfe, 0x1d, 0x5e, 0x65, 0xc7, 0xaa, 0x92, 0x4d,
+ 0x91, 0xee, 0x76, 0xbb, 0x4c, 0x66, 0x78, 0xc9,
+ },
+},
+{
+ .patch_id = 0x0aa00215,
+ .digest = {
+ 0x55, 0xd3, 0x28, 0xcb, 0x87, 0xa9, 0x32, 0xe9,
+ 0x4e, 0x85, 0x4b, 0x7c, 0x6b, 0xd5, 0x7c, 0xd4,
+ 0x1b, 0x51, 0x71, 0x3a, 0x0e, 0x0b, 0xdc, 0x9b,
+ 0x68, 0x2f, 0x46, 0xee, 0xfe, 0xc6, 0x6d, 0xef,
+ },
+},
diff --git a/xen/arch/x86/cpu/microcode/amd.c b/xen/arch/x86/cpu/microcode/amd.c
index 9ee455b007..27caed1028 100644
--- a/xen/arch/x86/cpu/microcode/amd.c
+++ b/xen/arch/x86/cpu/microcode/amd.c
@@ -14,9 +14,11 @@
* License version 2. See file COPYING for details.
*/
+#include <xen/bsearch.h>
#include <xen/err.h>
#include <xen/init.h>
#include <xen/mm.h> /* TODO: Fix asm/tlbflush.h breakage */
+#include <xen/sha2.h>
#include <asm/msr.h>
@@ -90,6 +92,59 @@ static struct {
uint16_t id;
} equiv __read_mostly;
+static const struct patch_digest {
+ uint32_t patch_id;
+ uint8_t digest[SHA2_256_DIGEST_SIZE];
+} patch_digests[] = {
+#include "amd-patch-digests.c"
+};
+
+static int cmp_patch_id(const void *key, const void *elem)
+{
+ const struct patch_digest *pd = elem;
+ uint32_t patch_id = *(uint32_t *)key;
+
+ if ( patch_id == pd->patch_id )
+ return 0;
+ else if ( patch_id < pd->patch_id )
+ return -1;
+ return 1;
+}
+
+static bool check_digest(const struct container_microcode *mc)
+{
+ const struct microcode_patch *patch = mc->patch;
+ const struct patch_digest *pd;
+ uint8_t digest[SHA2_256_DIGEST_SIZE];
+
+ /* Only Fam17h/19h are known to need extra checks. Skip other families. */
+ if ( boot_cpu_data.x86 < 0x17 || boot_cpu_data.x86 > 0x19 ||
+ !opt_digest_check )
+ return true;
+
+ pd = bsearch(&patch->patch_id, patch_digests, ARRAY_SIZE(patch_digests),
+ sizeof(struct patch_digest), cmp_patch_id);
+ if ( !pd )
+ {
+ printk(XENLOG_WARNING "No digest found for patch_id %08x\n",
+ patch->patch_id);
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ sha2_256_digest(digest, patch, mc->len);
+
+ if ( memcmp(digest, pd->digest, sizeof(digest)) )
+ {
+ printk(XENLOG_WARNING "Patch %08x SHA256 mismatch:\n"
+ " expected %" STR(SHA2_256_DIGEST_SIZE) "phN\n"
+ " got %" STR(SHA2_256_DIGEST_SIZE) "phN\n",
+ patch->patch_id, pd->digest, digest);
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
static void cf_check collect_cpu_info(void)
{
struct cpu_signature *csig = &this_cpu(cpu_sig);
@@ -397,7 +452,8 @@ static struct microcode_patch *cf_check
cpu_request_microcode(
if ( microcode_fits_cpu(mc->patch) &&
(!saved ||
compare_revisions(saved->patch_id,
- mc->patch->patch_id) == NEW_UCODE) )
+ mc->patch->patch_id) == NEW_UCODE) &&
+ check_digest(mc) )
{
saved = mc->patch;
saved_size = mc->len;
@@ -456,6 +512,14 @@ static const struct microcode_ops __initconst_cf_clobber
amd_ucode_ops = {
void __init ucode_probe_amd(struct microcode_ops *ops)
{
+ if ( !opt_digest_check &&
+ boot_cpu_data.x86 >= 0x17 && boot_cpu_data.x86 <= 0x19 )
+ {
+ printk(XENLOG_WARNING
+ "Microcode patch additional digest checks disabled");
+ add_taint(TAINT_CPU_OUT_OF_SPEC);
+ }
+
if ( boot_cpu_data.x86 < 0x10 )
return;
diff --git a/xen/arch/x86/cpu/microcode/core.c
b/xen/arch/x86/cpu/microcode/core.c
index 9fe86942a3..34a94cd25b 100644
--- a/xen/arch/x86/cpu/microcode/core.c
+++ b/xen/arch/x86/cpu/microcode/core.c
@@ -101,6 +101,7 @@ static struct microcode_patch *microcode_cache;
*/
static int __initdata opt_mod_idx;
static bool __initdata opt_scan = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_UCODE_SCAN_DEFAULT);
+bool __ro_after_init opt_digest_check = true;
/*
* Used by the EFI path only, when xen.cfg identifies an explicit microcode
@@ -130,6 +131,8 @@ static int __init cf_check parse_ucode(const char *s)
if ( (val = parse_boolean("nmi", s, ss)) >= 0 )
ucode_in_nmi = val;
+ else if ( (val = parse_boolean("digest-check", s, ss)) >= 0 )
+ opt_digest_check = val;
else if ( !ucode_mod_forced ) /* Not forced by EFI */
{
if ( (val = parse_boolean("scan", s, ss)) >= 0 )
diff --git a/xen/arch/x86/cpu/microcode/private.h
b/xen/arch/x86/cpu/microcode/private.h
index 74bb2f0a65..f5e2bfee00 100644
--- a/xen/arch/x86/cpu/microcode/private.h
+++ b/xen/arch/x86/cpu/microcode/private.h
@@ -67,6 +67,8 @@ struct microcode_ops {
const char *cpio_path;
};
+extern bool opt_digest_check;
+
/*
* Microcode loading falls into one of 3 states.
* - No support at all
--
generated by git-patchbot for /home/xen/git/xen.git#staging
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